In the arena of global geopolitics, few nations evoke as much fascination and optimism as India. With its burgeoning economy, vibrant democracy and rich cultural heritage, the country stands poised to emerge as a leading global superpower. Yet, what sets India apart in its quest for greatness is its commitment to inclusivity – a defining feature that not only shapes its domestic policies but also influences its role on the global stage.
Having come out of the shadow of Nehruvian socialism and overcoming its diffidence to take a leadership role in geopolitics, India stands at a pivotal juncture in its history. This new role is not merely about economic growth or military might – it encompasses a holistic approach that integrates technological advancement, social equity and global collaboration. The journey towards becoming an inclusive superpower involves addressing various dimensions such as economic development, human capital, technological innovation and political stability. It also syncs with the ancient Hindu ethos of Vasudhaiva Kuttumbakam – literally, the world is one family.
Vision of Inclusivity
The idea of India as a “rising global power” gained significant traction when then-US President Barack Obama visited India in 2010 and declared, “India is not just a rising power; India has already risen.” This statement not only highlighted India’s elevated status but also aligned with the US strategy to balance the growing influence of China.
However, Obama’s remarks also reflected a broader recognition of India as a capable and responsible global player. This positive perception was rooted not only in India’s robust economy, which was experiencing a growth rate of 9.8 percent in October 2009, but also in its longstanding democratic traditions and its success in embodying values like multiculturalism, pluralism, tolerance and international peace. While these qualities might seem taken for granted, they have been essential to India’s emergence as a superpower.
The journey towards becoming an inclusive superpower involves addressing various dimensions such as economic development, human capital, technological innovation and political stability. It also syncs with the ancient Hindu ethos of Vasudhaiva Kuttumbakam – literally, the world is one family
At the heart of India’s rise as a superpower is its vision of inclusivity. This vision isn’t merely about economic growth; it’s about ensuring that growth reaches every corner of its diverse society. India’s demographic is one of its greatest strengths, encompassing a myriad of ethnicities, languages, religions and cultures. Embracing this diversity has been central to its development strategy, making inclusivity not just a policy but a guiding principle.
India’s commitment to inclusivity extends beyond its borders. On the global stage, India has been a proponent of multilateralism and international cooperation. It has actively participated in global forums such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organisation, advocating for fair trade practices and equitable global development.
India’s status as the world’s largest democratic republic provides a strong foundation for its rise as a superpower. The country has successfully navigated its complex ethnic composition and maintained political stability, which is attractive to foreign investors and partners.
Strategic partnerships with major global powers, including the United States, Russia, and European nations enhance its geopolitical influence and economic opportunities. Additionally, India’s G20 presidency marks a significant milestone, reinforcing its role as a key player in global governance and economic cooperation.
The country’s foreign policy emphasises partnership and cooperation with countries across different regions, reflecting its equitable approach. Initiatives like the “Vaccine Maitri” (Vaccine Friendship) programme, which saw India provide COVID-19 vaccines to various nations, underscore its role as a responsible global actor committed to collective well-being.
Historical Commitment to International Values
Since independence in 1947, India has been a proponent of the values that underpin the international order. From its early advocacy for decolonisation to its active participation in global institutions like the United Nations, the country has consistently championed principles of sovereignty, peace and cooperation. The country’s democratic ethos and commitment to pluralism and secularism resonate with its international stance, promoting a vision of a world where nations coexist harmoniously despite their differences.
India’s commitment to inclusivity extends beyond its borders. On the global stage, India has been a proponent of multilateralism and international cooperation. It has actively participated in global forums such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organisation, advocating for fair trade practices and equitable global development
In the post-Cold War era, India has played a key role in advocating for a multipolar world, where power is distributed across various centres rather than dominated by a single superpower. This vision aligns with the values of a balanced international order, emphasising the need for equitable participation in global governance.
Location Advantage
India’s location at the centre of the Indian Ocean positions it as a key player in both regional and global trade. The Indian Ocean has historically functioned as a major trade hub, connecting diverse regions including East Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia, facilitating the exchange of goods, culture, and ideas.
The Indian Ocean’s strategic significance has increased in the context of contemporary geopolitical events. It is home to key maritime chokepoints, such as the Strait of Hormuz and the Malacca Strait, which are critical for oil transportation and global trade. Control over these routes is vital for ensuring the stability of international trade and energy supplies
India’s role in this context is multifaceted. As a rising economic power, it is actively engaging in maritime security initiatives and strengthening its naval capabilities to safeguard its interests in the Indian Ocean. This engagement is essential not only for India’s economic growth but also for maintaining regional stability amidst rising competition from other powers.
The country’s position along the Indian Ocean thus enhances its ability to influence both regional and global commerce. The historical legacy of trade, combined with contemporary geopolitical considerations, underscores the ocean’s continuing significance in shaping economic and strategic interactions in the region.
In the post-Cold War era, India has played a key role in advocating for a multipolar world, where power is distributed across various centres rather than dominated by a single superpower. This vision aligns with the values of a balanced international order, emphasising the need for equitable participation in global governance
Soft Power
Bollywood films, yoga, and Indian cuisine have become powerful tools of India’s cultural diplomacy, captivating audiences worldwide and promoting a positive image of India globally. These elements of Indian culture have fostered cross-cultural exchange and understanding, bridging divides and bringing people together through shared experiences. Bollywood films have contributed to the larger-than-life image of India and its representation of Indian culture globally.
Rise of Regional Aspirations
As developing countries assert their influence, the dynamics of global order are shifting. China’s rapid economic growth and assertive foreign policy have already made significant waves, challenging established norms and institutions. Meanwhile, other developing nations, including India, Brazil, Saudi Arabia and South Africa, are also expanding their roles on the global stage.
India’s rise is characterised by its growing economic clout, strategic partnerships, and an expanding presence in international forums. As it seeks to leverage its soft power, the country faces the challenge of upholding its democratic values while navigating a complex geopolitical landscape.
Challenges and Opportunities
Balancing National Interests with Global Values
India’s aspiration to lead while championing international values requires a delicate balance. The country must navigate its national interests, which may sometimes conflict with global norms. For instance, issues like trade imbalances, territorial disputes, and regional security concerns can create tensions between national priorities and international expectations. India’s ability to manage these challenges while maintaining its commitment to values such as multilateralism and human rights will be crucial.
Enhancing Multilateral Engagement
New Delhi has historically supported a rules-based international order and has been an advocate for reforming global institutions to reflect contemporary realities. Strengthening its role in organisations such as the United Nations, World Trade Organisation and G20 will be pivotal. By actively participating in and leading multilateral initiatives, India can reinforce its commitment to a fair and just international system.
India’s rise is characterised by its growing economic clout, strategic partnerships, and an expanding presence in international forums. As it seeks to leverage its soft power, the country faces the challenge of upholding its democratic values while navigating a complex geopolitical landscape
Promoting Regional Stability and Cooperation
India’s regional policies and its relationships with neighbouring countries play a significant role in shaping its international stance. As tensions persist in South Asia, particularly with Pakistan and China, India’s approach to these issues will impact its global image. Promoting regional stability through diplomatic engagement and conflict resolution will not only enhance India’s credibility but also support its role as a champion of international values.
Advocating for Inclusive Global Development
India’s approach to global development can be a powerful tool in advancing international values. By continuing to focus on development and supporting initiatives that address global challenges like climate change, poverty and inequality, India can underscore its role as a responsible global leader.
Economic Inclusivity: Bridging the Divide
Economic inclusivity is a cornerstone of India’s strategy to harness its demographic dividend. The government has launched several initiatives aimed at integrating marginalized communities into the economic mainstream. Programs like “Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana” (PMJDY) have revolutionised financial inclusion by providing banking services to the unbanked population.
Similarly, schemes such as “Make in India” and “Start-Up India” have created opportunities for small and medium enterprises, which are often the backbone of inclusive growth.
In recent years, there has been a strong focus on rural development and infrastructure projects that aim to bridge the urban-rural divide. Investments in sectors such as education, healthcare, and sanitation are critical to ensuring that the benefits of economic growth are shared broadly.
India’s quest to become an inclusive superpower is a testament to its dynamic and diverse character. Its approach to economic, social and political inclusivity not only shapes its domestic trajectory but also influences its role in the global arena
Social Inclusivity: Upholding Diversity
Social inclusivity in India is a matter of integrating its vast array of cultures and communities into the national fabric. The Indian Constitution enshrines the principles of equality and non-discrimination, laying the groundwork for a society where every citizen has the opportunity to thrive.
The Indian government has introduced various affirmative action policies, such as reservations in education and employment for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes. These policies aim to level the playing field and provide opportunities to those who have historically been marginalised.
Moreover, India’s vibrant civil society plays a crucial role in advocating for the rights of women, LGBTQ+ individuals, and other minority groups. Social movements and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) contribute significantly to fostering an environment of inclusivity and respect for human rights.
Political Inclusivity: Strengthening Democracy
India’s democratic framework is one of its greatest assets. With the world’s largest democracy, India’s political system is designed to be inclusive and representative. Regular elections, a free press, and an active civil society contribute to a vibrant democratic process.
Political inclusivity in India is also reflected in the increasing participation of women and underrepresented groups in politics. Efforts to improve representation at various levels of government aim to ensure that diverse voices are heard and considered in decision-making processes.
Conclusion
India’s quest to become an inclusive superpower is a testament to its dynamic and diverse character. Its approach to economic, social and political inclusivity not only shapes its domestic trajectory but also influences its role in the global arena. As the country continues to embrace its diversity and build on its strengths, it paves the way for a future where its rise is defined by not just power and prosperity, but also by the principles of equity and inclusion.
The path forward involves enhancing the effectiveness of existing policies, fostering dialogue and collaboration across communities, and continuing to invest in human capital. By focusing on these areas, India can further its vision of an inclusive superpower that not only excels economically but also sets a global standard for equitable growth and social harmony. India’s narrative is therefore one of optimism, resilience, and a profound commitment to creating a world where everyone has a place and a voice.
-The writer is a keen observer of national security, geopolitics and military history. He has a passion for informing and engaging readers on critical defence-related issues through his articles
